Prepositional Phrase as Post Modifier of Noun Phrase

A Prepositional Phrase is a phrase which begins with a preposition. The examples of prepositions are in, on, at , for, of, with, by, to, above, under, near, and witout. The prepositional phrase consists of a preposition plus a noun or a noun phrase. The examples of prepositional phrases are at home, in the house, to campus, with my friend near the post office and for my wife.

The following are the examples of prepositional phrases as Post modifiers of noun phrases.

A Post Modifier of a noun phrase is a modifier which comes after a noun head in a noun phrase. Look at the rxamples below:

- the man in my house
- the students of the university
- the people at home
- the house near the post office

- Post Modifier (post.m) of Noun Phrase:

Post modifier is a word or a group of words which come after the head word of a noun phrase. The types of post modifier are as follows:

- Single words

e.g. the boy here, the man outside, the girl there, etc.
det. H post.m det. H post.m. det. H post.m

- Prepositional phrase (PP)

Prepositional phrases are groups of words which begins with a preposition.
Prepositional phrase can be a preposition + noun or Preposition + noun phrase.

- the common formula of prepositional phrase is as follows:

P.P. = Prep. + N/NP.

PP = Prepositional phrase
Prep. = Preposition
N = Noun
NP = Noun Phrase

The following are prepositions:
in, on, at, for, from, to, under, above, by, with, without, near, after, before. beside, of, besides, etc.

The following are prepositional phrases:
at home, in the house, to school, with my friends, beside my house, etc.

The examples of prepositional phrases as modifiers are as follows:

The students in this class, The books on the table, The windows of my house
det. H Post.m (pp) det. H post.m (PP) det. H post.m (PP)

- Adjective clause (adj.CL)

A clause is a group of words which has a subject and a finite verb.
An adjective clause is a clause which functions as an adjective or a clause which modifies the noun in front of it.

e.g. The man who teaches English, The book which you bought
det. H post.m (adj.Cl) det. H post.m (adj. Cl)

- Present participial Phrase/Ving (pres.p)

e.g. The man standing there, the student sleeping in my room.
Det. H Post.m. (pres.p) det H Post.m. (pres.p)

- Past participial Phrase/V.3 (past.P)

e.g. The play written by Shakespeare , The car made in Japan
det. H post.m (past.p) det H post. M (past.p)

- To Infinitive Phrase

e.g. the opportunity to get a job
det. H post. M (to inf.phr)

Pre Modifier of a Noun Phrase

Words which come before a head word of a noun phrase are called Pre Modifier. The kinds of pre modifiers are as follows:

1. Determiner (det). : all, the, a , this, that, these, those, some, any, many, much, a lot of, little, a little, few, a few, several, each, my, your, his, her, our, their, etc.

e.g. a book , all students, your house, much money, etc.
det. H det. H det. H det H

2. Number (num.): one, two, three, four, … , first, second, third, fourth, ….

e.g. two days, three ministers, the first person, the second woman, etc.
num. H Num. H det. num. H det. num. H

3. Adjective (adj.) including adjective phrase such as very beautiful, extremely important, fairly good etc.)

e.g. good books , those two very good pictures, the best student etc.

adj. H det. num. Adj. H det. adj. H

4. present participle /Ving (pres.p)

e.g. waiting rooms, no smoking area, two modern washing machine, etc.
pres. p H det. pres. p H num. adj. pres. p H

5. Past participle/V3 ((past.p) including adverb + past participle such as badly damaged, well written, seriously injured, etc.)

e.g. a written test, a badly managed program, spoken language, etc.
det. past.p H det. past p. H past. p H

6. Noun (N)

e.g. book cover, two good book covers, family life, etc.
N H num. adj. N H N H

Noun Phrase (NP)

- Phrase is a group of words without subject and verb.
- Noun phrase is a phrase (a group of words without subject and verb) which has a noun as a head (core ) word.
- Words which come before a head word are called Pre Modifier and words which comes after a head word are called Post Modifier.

- The formula of a noun phrase is:

Pre-Modifier — H — Post Modifier
E
A
D

- A group of words in this case means more than one word, namely a head word with at least one pre or post modifier

Examples:

Books, rice, and money are nouns while two books, a book, much money, some rice,
a beautiful large garden and the students in the class are Noun Phrases.


a book
Pre M H
NP

a very good book on the table
Pre M H Post M
NP

- Online English Courses: - Noun Clause Derived from Wh Question

Noun Clause can be derived from Wh Questions. The structure of Noun Clause in this pattern is different from that of the Wh Question. In All Wh questions (except Subject question), the auxiliary precedes the subject. Look at the examples of Wh question:

1 Where does he go everyday ?
2. Where did he go last night?
3. Why is he here every night?
4. When will he come here?
5. Who sweeps this floor everyday? (does is not necessary; it is a question about sbject.)
6.What is she reading ?
7. Who is at the door? (Subject question.)

The Noun Clause derived from the questions above can be seen below. The italized is Noun Clause. The bold is the important thing to be paid attention to.

1. Question : Where does he go everyday?
Noun Clause : I know where he goes everyday. (Noun Clause as an object)
(Wrong : I know where does he do everyday)

2. Question : Where did he go last night?
Noun Clause : No body knows where he went last night. (Noun Clause as an object)
(Wrong : No body knows where did he go last night.)

3. Question : Why is he here every night? Noun Clause : Why he is here every night is not my bussiness. (Noun Clause as a subject)
(Wrong : Why is he here every night is not my bussiness. )

4. Question : When will he come here?
Noun Clause : I wonder when he will come. (Noun clause as an object)
(Wrong: I wonder when will he come.)

5. Question : Who sweeps this floor everyday?
Noun Clause : Does she know who sweeps the floor every day? (Noun clause as an object)

6. Question : What is she reading ?
Noun Clause : What she is reading is a good novel. (Noun Clause as a subject)
(Wrong : What is she reading is a good novel.)

7. Question : Who is at the door?
Noun Clause : I don't know who is at the door. (Noun Clause as an object)